My goal initially for this blog post was to get some measure of effectiveness of the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) since it started in 1999 — along the areas of sanitation coverage in schools, data on incidence of diseases since better sanitation was provided, and effectiveness of providing incentives to families for constructing and using latrines.
In the absence of any detailed information online, I requested relevant data by state from the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India. They were kind enough to provide me the Rural Sanitation Coverage (RSC) statistics from 2001 to 2013.
RSC is defined as % households with toilets. There are two important points to note: First, The baseline survey across past several years were conducted by multiple organizations, but my assumption is the surveys were identical, so comparison of RSC year over year is meaningful. Second, this data was provided to me in late 2014, so it is very likely numbers for 2013/ 2014 has changed since then, and 2015 data may be available now. The plots below just provide a visual trend as to how the coverage has changed over the last few years.
Survey Organization by year -
2001, 2011: RSC Survey
2005-2006: National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
2007-2008: District Level Household & Facility Survey (DLHS)
2008-2009, 2012: National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO)
2013: RSC Baseline Survey
** 2013 baseline survey incomplete for Assam, J&K, and Orissa
Telengana, which was formed in 2014, has no coverage data and hence shows 0% throughout. Some of the bigger states like Maharashtra and Gujarat have improved to more than 50%, and Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu are somewhere around the 30 to 40% mark. Although the progress is slow, it seems to be going in the right direction.
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Rural Sanitation Coverage % by state from census data: 2001 to 2013 (Source: Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India)
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